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Sunday, March 27, 2011

Archetype: Hero

As I study Shakespeare through Myth and Archetypal Criticism I decided to take a closer look at the Hero Archetype.  Joseph Campbell talks a lot about this Archetype in his book, "The Hero with a Thousand Faces."  The Hero is a 'stereotype' we all can associate with, we all have a definition of what a hero is or does (be it Mr. Incredible, Batman, Sir Galahad, or Jimmer).  A hero is usually the main character or a story or a plot line, is faced with a problem or a complication, and then must overcome that complication.

Shakespeare uses this Archetype in some very interesting ways.  Instead of simply giving us a 'hero' figure, he gives us a main character who could be a hero and then puts him under pressure - but these characters don't always succeed.  It is left to us then to decide if these characters are actual heroes or not.  Since we've all read Hamlet, it is easy to see what I mean.  He is a prince, he has a complication - but he doesn't face it nobly or heroically.  This leads us to ask the question or our Heroic Archetype, "what really makes a hero?"

As Joseph Campbell's book sates, "A hero ventures forth from the world of common day into a region of supernatural wonder: fabulous forces are there encountered and a decisive victory is won" (23). Thus Shakespeare questions our very view of what being a hero really is.  As strange as it sounds, I actually really like this because it makes me look closer into the story line and character, making my own judgments and actually taking something influential away from the text.

Bibliography
Joseph Campbell. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968. Print.  

Comments (3)

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This is interesting. I think about the "hero cycle" (or whatever it's called) all the time. It's pretty much the same everywhere.
1. Strange circumstances around parentage (Jesus=immaculate conception, King Arthur=illegitimate, Harry Potter=Orphaned as baby, Hercules=demi-god)

Please don't hate me for putting Jesus and Harry Potter in the same list; this is just from a literary perspective.

2. Has to die as some point and be resurrected (again, Jesus=literally resurrected, Harry Potter=comes back to life, Hercules=lives again in Olympus. Pretty sure there's something about King Arthur too but I forget)
3. Has a wise supernatural mentor (Jesus=God, King Arthur=Merlin, Harry Potter=Dumbledore, Hercules=Zeus)

The list could go on but basically every hero story is exactly the same which is what makes it so ARCHETYPAL! It's interesting that, like you said, Shakespeare doesn't follow the patterns. That's probably one of the main things that make his plays so great.
Cara Call's avatar

Cara Call · 731 weeks ago

Wow Laura this is an amazing connection! I like that you how you said he creates a character that could be a hero and then puts him under pressure. That is absolutely true! I feel though that he does that not only with the hero put with all the main characters as well. Just thinking of Macbeth for example, he thrives as a villidn under the pressure once he accepts his wife's persuasions. His wife ends up cracking under the pressure of her desires and all the evil she has done to achieve them. Macduff then raises his call as an executor after the murder of his wife and son. The pressure of the loss affects his character so drastically that he seems to go insane with grief and blood lust ( I am not going to lie I might react this same way if someone killed my family).

Also about the dramatic reading, it turns out that Antonio only has two lines so would you be willing to take the role of Ferdinand as well? he only has thirteen lines, and this is not for sure. I am going to ask Lindsay if she will do the role but if not could you?
1 reply · active 731 weeks ago
Yes that is totally fine. I can do both parts.
- yes, I was actually thinking about Macbeth too when I wrote this, it's just that everyone hasn't read that play. He as such a potential hero - he is worthy and noble and he's going to become a king someday . . . and then he blows it when the real push comes. He does give into his wife's pressure - but a different pressure is the pressure of his own concision and goodness. Super tragic play!

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